A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Strictly speaking, a semiconductor is a material with an electrical conductivity between that of an insulator and that of a conductor. Semiconductors can be single elements such as silicon or germanium or compounds such as gallium arsenide or indium phosphide. In day to day usage, however, the term "semiconductor" more frequently refers to the components manufactured from semiconductor materials.
- I²C
Inter Integrated Circuit
- I²L
Integrated Injection Logic A bipolar structure characterized by an integrated PNP load device and inverted operation of an NPN logic transistor.
- I²O
Intelligent I/O
I/O subsystems for midrange computers.
- I2
Suppliers name-Capacity planning software
- i/o
Indoor/outdoor concentration ratio
- I/O
Input/Output
- IA
Instrumentation Amplifier
- IAB
Internet Architecture Board
- IAEA
International Atomic Energy Agency
- IAP
1) In-Application Programmable
2) Indoor Air Pollution
- IARC
International Agency for Research on Cancer
- IaTF
Intranet Task Force
ST Task Force set up in 1999 to improve the Intranet.
- Ibat
Battery Backup Current
- IC
Integrated Circuit
A tiny device that can perform various electronic functions. IC's are made from semiconductor material and work according to semiconductor physics. The IC inventors (1958) are: Jack Kilby & Robert Noyce.
Unlike discrete devices, integrated circuits integrate many functions on a single physical chip. ICs may be classed as SSI (small scale integration), MSI (medium scale integration), LSI (large scale integration), VLSI (very large scale integration) or ULSI (ultra-large scale integration). ICs may contain anything from just a few transistors (plus the diodes, resistors, and capacitors necessary to complete the circuit) to millions of transistors on the same chip. For example, a 4 Mbit EPROM memory chip has 4 million "sandwiches" with two paired transistors each plus the additional transistors required for the control circuit. ICs can be manufactured with bipolar, MOS, CMOS, or mixed manufacturing technologies.
- IC/OC
Input Capture/Output Compare
- ICAP
Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma
- ICBN
International Commission on the Biological Effects of Noise
- ICC
1) Ignition Control Circuit
2) International Chamber of Commerce
- ICDIA
International Compact Disk Interactive Association
US-based organization for promoting CD-I.
- ICE
In-Circuit Emulator
- ICOLP
Industry Cooperative for Ozone Layer Protection
- ICP
Inductively Coupled Plasma
- ICU
Intelligent Controller Units
- ID
Insertion Date
Date of entry of an order in the system.
- IDC
Insulation Displacement Connector
- IDCT
Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform
- IDE
Integrated Drive Electronics
Drive interface std (16 bit), D < 528 Mb.
- IDL
Instrument Detection Limit
- IDLH
Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health
- IDTV
Improved Definition Television
- i.e.
id est
Use "that is".
- IEB
International Environment Bureau
- IEC
International Electrotechnical Commission
- IEDB
Industrial Engineering Database
Collects key manufacturing parameters related to capacity (e.g. Equipment / Consumption).
- IEDM
International Electron Device Meeting
- IEE
Institution of Electrical Engineers
- IEEE
Institute of Electrical Electronic Engineers
- IETF
Internet Engineering Task Force
- IFF
Intermediate Frequency
- IGCC
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle
- IG-FET
Insulated-Gate, Field-Effect Transistor
- IGBT
Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
- IGFET
Insulated Gate Field Effect Transistor
- IGMP
Internet Group Management Protocol
Standard for IP multicasting in the Internet. It is used to establish host memberships in particular multicast groups on a single network.91
- IIICE
Integrated Instrumentation and InCircuit Emulation
- IILE
Integrated Injection Logic
- IiW
Titan Wolfram (Titan Tungsten)
Metalic composition used for thin film resistors (in IC's)
- ILS
Integrated Logistic Support
Impurity Foreign chemical body in a material which modifies its electrical properties in a semiconductor, an impurity can play the role of a dopant or of contaminant.
- I&M (or I/M)
Inspection & Maintenance
- Image
The defined pattern on a surface.
- Implantation
Short for ion implantation. The use of a particle accelerator to "shoot impurities" into the pure silicon wafer. An alternative to diffusion, implantation is more controllable but costs more since wafers are processed individually.
- Impurity
Any foreign or undesired material that gets incorporated into the semiconductor material or layers above the silicon surface.
- IMQ
Instituto del Marchio di Qualità
- IMS
Insulated Metal Substrate
Type of electronic circuit board consisting of a metal base coated with a layer of insulator and then the circuit board copper. Advantage is that heat can be conducted from surface mounting ICs through substrate.
- IN
Inch
- Incineration
Burning organic waste materials.
Incineration Burning organic waste materials. This disposal technique is used to destroy dangerous organic compounds with the reduction of the material to its mineral constituents. For example, chlorinated hydrocarbons are converted to carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and hydrochloric acid (HCl). In addition, with urban waste (household waste, yard trash and similar waste) it is used to reduce the volume of material requiring landfilling, by burning this material and landfilling only the ash that remains. Incineration is the second least desirable waste management option in the Ladder Principle. The acceptability increases when burning is accompanied by recovery of heat to generate electricity or to be used in some other way.
- Incoterm
International Commercial Term
Commercial term (generally expressed by an abbreviation such as FOB, etc.) defining the respective obligations and the sharing of responsabilities between a seller and a buyer in the context of international trade.
- INFOTERRA
International Environmental lnformation System
- Indoor air pollution
The presence of excessive levels of air contaminants inside a home or building from sources such as cigarette smoking, fuel combustion for heating or cooking, certain wallboards, carpets, or insulation as well as the geology of the area (radon in soil or rocks beneath the structure). Emissions are more likely to accumulate in structures having limited air exchange with the outside. Many air pollutants typically have higher concentrations indoors than outdoors.
- Ingot
A term used to describe the single-crystal silicon mass after the crystal growing process. Also called boule.
- Inmos
English semiconductor company acquired by ST in 1990.
- Inorganic
Of or related to chemicals that do not contain carbon atoms.
- INSEAD
International business school based in Fontainebleau, France.
- Insulator
A material that is a poor conductor of electricity -used to separate conductors from one another or to protect personnel from electricity.
- INT
Interrupt.
- Interconnect
A conductive connection between two or more circuit elements. The conductors among elements (transistors, resistors, etc.) on an integrated circuit or between components on a printed circuit board.
- Internet
A computer "network" is a group of computers connected together to exchange data. When several networks are interconnected we have an "internet". The global network of interconnected internets is "The Internet". All of the computers connected to the Internet use the same communications protocol called TCP/IP.
- InterNIC
Internet Network Information Center
The coordinator for Domain Name System registration
- Intranet
A private computer network that uses the same technology as the Internet. ST's global intranet is called ST-off line.
- INV
Invoice
- Inverter
A logic element that receives a single input and changes it to its opposite state.
- Ion
An atom or molecule that carries a net charge (either positive or negative) because of an imbalance between the number of protons and the number of electrons present. If the ion has more electrons than protons, it has a negative charge. If the converse is true, the ion has a positive charge. Ions with a positive charge are called cations; ions with a negative charge are called anions.
- Ion Beam Milling
A process of physically removing unwanted (unprotected) material from a semiconductor surface by ion bombardment.
- Ion Implantation
A means for adding dopants to a semiconductor material. Charged atoms (ions) are accelerated in an electric field into the semiconductor material. It is especially useful for thin doped areas. This process is much more precise than the diffusion method of doping.
- Ionizing radiation
Electromagnetic radiation or atomic particles capable of displacing electrons from around atoms or molecules, thereby producing charged atoms or molecules or ions. The more common types of ionizing radiation are x-rays, gamma rays, alpha particles, and beta particles. Ionizing radiation are extremely harmful to all living beings. The ionosphere and stratosphere protect living beings from the ionizing radiation that arrives from the sun and other celestial bodies.
- Ionosphere
The upper layer of the atmosphere above the stratosphere, from a distance of about 80 kilometers from the earth's surface. Incoming solar radiation is sufficiently intense to cause the ionization of the sparse gas molecules present. By absorbing the more intense frequencies in the solar radiation (x-rays and above), the ionosphere protects living beings from their harmful effects.
- I/P
Input
- IP
1) Internet Protocol
2) Intellectual Property
3) Interface Processor
- IPA
Isopropyl alcohol
- IPAD
The combination of silicon active discrete elements with passive functions.
- IP address
Internet Protocol Address
1) Every computer on the Internet or an Intranet has a unique numerical address in the form a.b.c.d where a-d are numbers from 0-255. For example: "164.129.226.62". For convenience many computers also have a name something like "myoffice.mysite@st.com".
- IPC
Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging electronic Circuits (www.ipc.org)
- IPCC
Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change
- IPCS
International Program on Chemical Safety
- IPI
Intelligent Peripherals Interface
Main frame disk drive interface (8 & 14").
- IPM
Inhalable Particulate Matter
- IPMI
Intelligent Platform Management Interface
Computer applications
- IP number
An alternative name for IP address.
- IPO
Initial Public Offering(of shares on official stock exchanges)
The first offering of shares when a privately owned company goes public. ST's IPO took place in November 1994.
- IPS
1) Input to Store
2) Intelligent Power Switches
- IR
Infra-red
- IRC
Internet Relay Chat
- IRD
Integrated Receiver/Decoder
same as Set Top Box.
- IRED
InfraRed Emitting diodet
- IRPTC
International Register of Potentially Toxic Chemicals
- IRR
Internal Rate of Return
- IRQ
Interrupt Request
- IRQ/FT
Interrupt/Frequency Test Output
signal name
- IS
Information Services
Details about program broadcast
Set Top Box applications
- ISA
1) Internal Service Agreement
A document finalizing an agreement between internal supplier and customer. Its goal is to bring alive the concept of "Service through Total Quality" for every Company department and employee.
2) Industry Standard Architecture
Popular name for the IBM PC architecture.
3) Instrument Society of America
- ISC
Internet Steering Committee
- ISC model
Industrial Source Complex model
- ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network
A digital end-to-end telecommunications network that supports multiple services, but not limited to service and data.
- Ishikawa
see "Cause and effect diagram"
- ISL
Integrated Schottky Logic
- ISN
Information Systems Network
- ISO
1) International Standard Organization
Greek word meaning "equal". ISO 9002, for example, is the International Standard which describes the specifications for the quality system in manufacturing.
2) International Standardization Organization ISP Internet Service Provider
- ISO 14000
A series of standards emitted or being prepared by the International Standards Organization (ISO), covering a number of environmental topics. ISO 14001, which was emitted in 1996, lays down a model for an environmental management system that can be adopted by any organization and can be certified by an accredited certifying body. This model is very similar to EMAS, emitted by the European Community in 1993.
- Isolation diffusion
A method of achieving isolation by diffusing in such a manner that P-N junctions surround the areas to be isolated from one another.
- Isopropanol (CH3CHOHCH3)
Also known as isopropyl alcohol or IPA. An organic compound made of oxygen, carbon and hydrogen, belonging to the family of alcohols. It is a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid miscible with water. It is used as a solvent and reagent. It is classified as volatile organic compound (VOC). It is quite toxic and when it is emitted into the atmosphere it can take part in the creation of photochemical smog.
- Isotropic
In a subtractive process, the material is removed in all directions simultaneously, frequently at the same rate vertically and horizontally.
- ISP
1) Internet Service Provider
2) In-System (or In-Situ) Programming
- ISR
1) Information Storage and Retrieval
2) Interrupt Service Routine
3) Interrupt Status Register
4) Inside Service Representative
5) International Survey Research
- ISSCC
International Solid-State Circuits Conference
- ISSN
International Serial Standard Number
- IT
Information Technology
- ITIL
Information Technology Infrastructure Library (world wide de facto standard for ITSM)
It is a set of documents describing best practices in IT service areas (i.e. Change Manage-ment, Configuration Management, Software Control & Distribution and Help Desk, etc). It was first developed in the late 1980's by the CCTA (Central Communications and Telecom Agency) of the UK Government.
- ITO
1) Internal Transfer Order
2) International Trade Organization
3) Intersite Transfer Order
The transfer of materials and goods between different ST plants.
4) Indium Tin Oxide
Used as transparent conductive thin film for shielding of photoelements in IC's
- ITF
Internet Task Force
ST Task Force that worked on the introduction of Internet to the Company in 1994.
- ITS
1) Intelligent Transportation System
2) Insertion Test Signal
- ITSEC
Information Technology Security Evaluation Criteria
- ITSM
Information Technology Service Management
It is an approach that combines proven methods such as process management and known in-dustry best practices, in the area of IT Service Management, to enable any organization to de-liver quality IT services that satisfy customer business needs and achieve performance targets specified within service level agreements.
- ITU
International Telecommunications Union
- IUCN
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
- IVHS
Intelligent Vehicle Highway System
US automotive research association
- IVR
Interactive Voice Response
Telecom applications
- IWS
Ionizing Wet Scrubber
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